Conjunctivitis, often called pink eye, is a common eye condition involving inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane covering parts of the eye and the inner eyelids.
It can occur for various reasons, making it a frequent patient concern.
What are the Symptoms of Conjunctivitis?
The symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary but typically include:
- Redness: The sclera (the white part of the eye) may appear pink or red.
- Discharge: You may notice a thicker discharge that can be yellow, green, or white, leading to eyelid crusting.
- Foreign Object Sensation: A feeling that something is stuck in the eye.
- Dryness or Watery Eyes: You may experience dry eyes or increased tear production.
- Itching or Irritation: The eyes may feel itchy or irritated.
- Burning Sensation: Discomfort in the eyes is familiar.
- Blurred Vision: Vision may become temporarily blurred.
- Light Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light.
- Swollen Eyelids: Eyelids may appear puffy.
- Mild Pain or Discomfort: Generally mild but can vary in intensity.
What Causes Conjunctivitis?
Infectious or non-infectious factors can cause conjunctivitis:
Infectious Causes:
- Viral: The most common cause, often associated with upper respiratory infections.
- Bacterial: Common bacteria include Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.
- Fungal/Parasitic: These are less common but can occur.
Non-Infectious Causes:
- Allergens: Pollen, moulds, and other allergens can trigger allergic conjunctivitis.
- Irritants: Chemicals from cosmetics, pool chlorine, or smoke can irritate.
- Eye Injuries: Damage to the conjunctiva can lead to inflammation.
- Immune Disorders: Certain autoimmune conditions can increase the risk.
How is Conjunctivitis Diagnosed?
It is often diagnosed based on a physical examination.
They may also take a swab of the eye discharge to test for bacterial infections.
Follow-up visits with an eye specialist may be recommended to monitor healing and adjust treatment if necessary.
How is Conjunctivitis Treated?
Treatment varies based on the cause of conjunctivitis:
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Treated with antibiotics (eye drops, ointments, or pills).
- Viral Conjunctivitis: Often self-resolving, but antiviral medication may be necessary for specific viruses.
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: Treated with antihistamines and decongestants.
- Irritant Conjunctivitis: Flushing the eyes with warm water is crucial, especially if a strong irritant is involved.
Over-the-counter lubricating eye drops and warm or cool compresses can also provide relief.
What is the Outlook for Conjunctivitis?
The prognosis for conjunctivitis is generally good, with many cases resolving independently.
Mild cases often improve without treatment.
Bacterial infections can clear up in a few days with antibiotics, while viral cases may take up to two weeks.
You can return to work or school once symptoms have resolved, typically within 24 hours after starting antibiotics for bacterial conjunctivitis or after a few days for viral infections.
Contact Mina Hospital for more information or if you suspect you have conjunctivitis. Our experienced healthcare team is here to help you manage your symptoms and ensure a quick recovery!
